Hale In the Crucible Conforms Outwardly and Questions...

The Crucible by Arthur Miller is an allegory written about the Salem witch trials in 1692. It includes a number of characters who fully conform to the trials and their consequences, it also contains the opposite, those who do not conform and fight it. Of course, as in any story there are characters in the middle that are not sure which side to take. They go along with it, not willing to stand up, but in their minds they are not completely sure whether or not what they’re doing is right. Reverend Hale is the best example of outward conformity and inward questioning. Hale does not start out as such however. In fact he is the reason the witch hunts are started. In the beginning of the play Hale is called to Salem to determine whether or†¦show more content†¦At that moment Francis Nurse comes running in saying that his wife Rebecca has been arrested. This is a shock to Hale, who at that moment realizes that he is no longer in control. His eagerness at being called to Sale m made him fell like his years of training had come to fruition, he was an expert now, called to determine a town’s fate. This little twitch in Hale’s faith sets him into a stage of doubt. He still does not go full-throttle though. He realizes the gravity of fully breaking from the court and consequently God. He defends the court’s decision to the townspeople on page 71: â€Å"†¦though our hearts break, we cannot flinch, these are new times, sir. There is a misty plot afoot so subtle we should be criminal to cling to old respects and ancient friendships. I have seen too many frightful proofs in court-the Devil is alive in Salem, and we dare not quail to follow wherever the accusing finger points!† The transformation is not yet complete. He still is openly conforming to the court, still agreeing with their decisions, defending them. But in his mind, he is unsure. He knows that Rebecca Nurse is the most holy, god-fearing individual in the town. Yet he finds himself unable to break away form the courts, they must be right, they are given their power from God. Still haunted by the fact that, â€Å"A person is either with this court or he must be counted against it, there be no road between† (this quote is

Serial Killers And Gender Differences Essay - 974 Words

eywords: Serial killers, females, psychopathy, archival research Motivations of Serial Killers Gender Differences Serial killing is a topic that has long fascinated those who study psychology, criminal behavior, and even the general public. Figures such as Ted Bundy, Ed Gein, and Jeffrey Dahmer have been the subject of numerous studies, documentaries, and books. Females do not readily come to mind when one thinks of serial killers because it is a rare phenomenon. Aileen Wuornos is one female who brought the concept of a female serial killer to the public’s attention, but she is not the only woman who has committed these types of crimes. PK (a pseudonym) is another female studied who was similar to Aileen in that she was also predatory and reactive. Serial killers have different methods and traits, but some primary motivations can be gleaned from studying their case reports. One can also attempt to ascertain why the female serial killer is such a rarity and whether their motivations are similar. One motivation that quickly becomes apparent within a serial killer is that of psychopathy. Psychopathic traits include narcissism, irresponsibility, lack of empathy, promiscuity, poor behavior, lying, and impulsivity (Arrigo Griffin, 2004). Because psychopaths lack the ability to care or feel for their victims, it is easy for the perpetrator to disregard them and perform whatever acts they wish upon them. A psychopathic person also feels a low sense of self-worth, which can beShow MoreRelatedSerial Killers And Gender Differences950 Words   |  4 PagesMotivations of Serial Killers Gender Differences Serial killing is a topic that has long fascinated those who study psychology, criminal behavior, and even the general public. Figures such as Ted Bundy, Ed Gein, and Jeffrey Dahmer have been the subject of numerous studies, documentaries, and books. Females do not readily come to mind when one thinks of serial killers because it is a rare phenomenon. Aileen Wuornos is one female who brought the concept of a female serial killer to the public’s attentionRead MoreKiller Vs. Serial Killers929 Words   |  4 PagesKiller vs Killer Countless people especially, criminologist have researched serial killers because they are so fascinating. Many disagree as to what the legal definition of a serial murder, which is, â€Å"[t]he unlawful killing of two or more victims by the same offender(s), in separate events. (Morton et al. 9). There is certainly not any dispute that there have been both male and female serial killers. Most of the research and documentation is specifically aimed around male serial killers. Over allRead MoreKiller Vs. Serial Killers924 Words   |  4 Pages Killer vs Killer Countless people, especially, criminologists have researched serial killers since they are fascinating. Many disagree as to what the legal definition of a serial murder, which is, â€Å"[t]he unlawful killing of two or more victims by the same offender(s), in separate events. (Morton et al. 9). There is certainly not any dispute that there have been both male and female serial killers. Much of the research and documentation is specifically aimed around male serial killers. Overall,Read MoreThe Murder Of Serial Killers1703 Words   |  7 PagesA grieving mother drapes herself over the casket of her deceased son. The 14 year old had fallen victim to one of the most infamous serial killers in history, Jeffrey Dahmer. Dahmer killed a total of 17 known victims, all between the ages of 14 and 33. In his most recent murders, he often resorted to necrophilia, cannibalism, and permanent preservation of body parts (â€Å"Jeffrey Dahmer Biography†). The mother looks at what is left of her son’s face, the face that once smiled to her every morning beforeRead MoreFemale Serial Killers: Statistics and Research864 Words   |  3 PagesFemale Serial Killers: Serial killer is described as an example of a murderer who kills several individuals over a long period of time. While these people are usually male motivated by various psychological motives such as power, the number of female serial killers has increased significantly in the recent past. Unlike their male counterparts, female serial killers use less visible means of murder such as poisoning in order to keep under the radar and remain discrete (Gilbert et. al., 2003). SinceRead MoreRelationship Between Ethnic Minority And Women And The Level Of Traits Essay1710 Words   |  7 Pages Introduction Sociopaths have continued to be an interesting phenomenon to the outside world. What most people don’t know is that sociopaths usually suffer from some spectrum of Antisocial Personality Disorder. According to Grohol (2016), Differences Between a Psychopath vs. Sociopath, sociopath and psychopath are both categorized as antisocial personality disorders. Deceit and manipulation are the main features to this personality disorder. An associate professor of Psychology and NeuroscienceRead MoreWomen Serial Killers or Partners to One678 Words   |  3 Pagesthe victims. Most peoples initial reaction to a woman taken into custody for murder is â€Å"She must have been abused.† There is very limited research on female serial killers, and even less so as women in partnerships with men since they are rare cases. However, according to a study produced by Hickey (2006), 31% of the 64 female serial killers between 1826 and 2004 were in a partnership. Women who enter these partnerships either want to be taken seriously as an offender (Thompson 2009), or want toRead MoreEssay on Female Serial Killers738 Words   |  3 PagesFemale Serial Killers While most of the violent crimes that happens most are them are belongs to men, women have not been the wilting flowers promoted so heartily by Victorian adorers and (right or wrong) often evident in todays society. Before we get into detail about the fascinating phenomenon of the Black Widow, it is worth a brief overview of womens escalating role in the world of violent crime, particularly in the United States. Since 1970, there has been an increasing and alarming riseRead MoreSerial Killers Case Study1526 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Throughout history, people have been fascinated by the topic of serial killers, primarily because one cannot understand why an individual would be willing to take multiple lives with no remorse. For many years investigators, sociologist, and criminologist have continuously researched these individuals. Current research on anti-social personality disorder and psychopathic behavior has led to information on serial killer’s biological development and environmental factors. There is very littleRead MoreThe Effects Of Sociopaths On The Criminal Justice System Essay1417 Words   |  6 Pagesto Grohol (2016), Differences Between a Psychopath vs Sociopath, sociopath and psychopath are both categorized as antisocial personality disorders. Deceit and manipulation are main features to this personality disorder. An associate professor of Psychology and Neuroscience from the University of New Mexico, and a District Judge from Denver, Colorado, wrote in an article, The Criminal Psychopath: History, Neuroscience, Treatment, and Economics, and stated that a big difference in psychopaths is that

Issues in Global Business Free Essays

Module TitleIssues in Global Business and Strategic Concepts Module Code6IM 501 Module Level6 Credit value40 Total Number400 of Learning Hours Key Words Implementation of Global strategy, strategy and the organisation, strategic development, globalisation, international business and the environment, internationalisation. Module Description There has been a fundamental shift in the world’s economy where national economies were once self contained, now cross border business activities and economies are much more inter-dependent on each other. This module brings together elements of the global business environment with an understanding of the strategy making process. We will write a custom essay sample on Issues in Global Business or any similar topic only for you Order Now The ability to take an overview of business problem-solving and decision-making processes is necessary for a successful career in business management and administration. This module provides a broad representation of different, and often conflicting, perspectives and theories that reflect the richness of current debate among academics and practitioners in the field. Initially the module focuses on enabling students to develop skills in the analysis of the strategic environment, development, evaluation and implementation of strategic concepts. These early stages of the module are designed to develop students’ analytical, problem-solving and decision-making skills. The module continues with a study of the global business environment and critical evaluation through the use of case studies to develop the student’s awareness and explore good and bad practices within the business process, content and context Using a consultative approach the module concludes by addressing contemporary global issues and the inter-dependence of national economies balanced with the strategic requirements of the global organisation. Module Learning On successful completion of the module, students will be able to: Outcomes 1. Demonstrate knowledge and a critical approach to the key contemporary theories and concepts recognised in the field of strategic management and globalisation. 2. Apply and critically discuss the appropriateness of relevant theories to complex business situations. 3. Apply consultancy principles and relevant theory to create, develop, plan and implement the Business Case Study Proposal recognising the importance of opportunity realisation and integrating implementation. Module Content * History of the field , evolution and development of strategic management; * Strategic Decision-Making * Formulating and analysing strategy;- The Strategy of International Business * Positioning Analysis – prescriptive and emergent approaches * Levels of Strategy and specifics of the strategy-making practices * Strategy development, evaluation and implementation International expansion and globalisation strategies – Exporting Importing * Collaboration and competition: Knowledge creation through collaboration/network strategies * Developing and implementing customer-driven strategy * Globalization * National Differences in Political Economy * Ethics in International Business – Values, morality, ethical considerations, CSR * International Trade Theory * Foreign Direct Investment * Multi Nationals HRM * International Labour Relations * Regional Economic Integration revision Foreign Exchange Market * Political requirements of International Trade Theory * Research Methods * The Organization of International Business * Entry Strategy and Alliance * Global Production * Financial Management in International business * Ecological Challenges for Business and Society * Consultancy Techniques Module Learning Learning Teaching Methods and Teaching Via lectures and/or tutorials or seminars to cover substantive areas of knowledge, supported by audio/visual and web materials. Guest lectures and industrial visits – where appropriate – will be included. Students will be encouraged at all times to read widely for this subject, and to use both personal experiences from work placement(s) – where relevant – and their knowledge gained from their specialist prescribed and elected subjects. Use of interactive media and materials will be widely encouraged to provide the student with a fully rounded perspective and understanding of the module in ‘live’ situations. Module Assessment Method CW1: 30% weightingStudents will be asked to demonstrate their understanding of this by firstly critically evaluating an organisation through a given case study and applying their knowledge gained in the lectures and tutorials. They will produce a management-style report showing application, evaluation and evidence of further reading focusing on specific areas of the module. CW2: 70% weighting Students will be required to act as a business consultant and prepare a report analysing a modern day scenario. This element requires students to utilise appropriate models and techniques, from the whole module content, advising on strategic intervention and its impact on the global environment. Reading list Core Text: Hill, C. (9th Edition), International Business, Competing in the Global Marketplace. (Global Edition) Mc Graw-Hill . Recommended Reading Baranova P. , Knight T. , Milligan J. (2011), Strategy Concepts and Applications, Customised Text, Pearson Education. Cavusgil, S. Knight, G Riesenberger, J. (2008) International Business, Strategy, Management, and new Realities. Pearson Prentice Hall. Daniels, J. Radebaugh, L Sullivan, D. (2009) International Business, Environments and Operations, 12th Edition, Prentice Hall. De Wit , B. and Meyer, R. (2010), Strategy: Process, Content, Context – An International Perspective, (2010), 4th Edition Text and Cases, South-Western, Cengage Learning. Drucker, P. (1985), Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Heinemann, London Goffin, K. Mitchell, R. (2005). Innovation management; strategy implemementation using the pentathlon framework, Palgrave, Basingstoke. Johnson, Whittington and Scholes (2011), Exploring Strategy: Text and Cases, 9th Edition, Prentice Hall, Essex, UK. Lynch, Richard (2009). Strategic Management, 5th Edition, Prentice Hall, Pearson Education Limited, Essex, UK. Mintzberg, Ahlstrand and Lampel, (2009), Strategy Safari – Your complete guide through the wilds of strategic management. , 2nd Edition, FT Prentice Hall. Mintzberg, Ahlstrand and Lampel, (2005), Strategy Bites Back, FT Prentice Hall. Mintzberg, Lampel, Quinn and Ghoshal (2003), The Strategy Process – Concepts, Contexts, Cases, Global 4th Edition, Prentice Hall. Morrison, J. (2009) International Business, Challenges in a Changing World. Palgrave Macmillion. Morrison, J. 2009) Global Business Environment, Meeting the Challengers, 3rd Edition. Palgrave Macmillion. Inductive Derivation of a Consensus Definition of the Field, Strategic Management Journal, Vol 28, pp 935–955. Pettigrew, Thomas and Whittington (Eds. ), (2006), Handbook of Strategy and Management, Sage. Porter, M. E. â€Å"Competitive Strategy† and â€Å"Competitive Advantage†, (1 986), Free Press. Rugman, A. M. Collinson, S. (2009) International Business 5th Edition. FT Prentice Hall. Wild, J. Wild, K. Han, J. C. Y. (2003) International Business 2nd Edition Prentice Hall. RELEVANT JOURNALS – via Emerald or EBSCO Business Premier Harvard Business Review Long Range Planning Sloan Management Review Journal of General Management Strategic Management Journal The Journal of Business Strategy Journal of General Management Administrative Science Quarterly OTHER RESOURCES Where applicable videos, business simulations, case studies etc. will be used to enhance and support the module content. 24/09 | Introduction to the Module| Chapter| Case StudiesVenezuela| 01/10| Employability | | Tesco| 08/10| The Concepts of Strategy| | IBM| 15/10| Value Creation| 13| Assignment Launch| 2/10| Strategic Options for International Business| 14| Wal-Mart/Coca-Cola| 29/110| Organisational Structure and Architecture| 14| Unilever| 05/12ncing/11| Entry Strategy| 15| JCB/General Electric| 12/11| Strategic Alliances| 15| JCB/General Electric| 19/11| Review Strategic concept| | Assignment Review and Workshop| 26/12| Globalization| 1| The Globalization of Health Care| 03/12| Na tional Differences in Political Economy| 2| Indonesia| 10/12| Ethics in International Business| 5| Knights Apparel | | | | | Issues in Global Business and Strategic Concepts Autumn 2012 Week Commencing Hand-in-Date for Assignment One 19th – 26th November 2012. Session | Title| Chapter| Case Studies| 21/01| Welcome Back. Assignment Feedback. Semester 2 Introduction| | Feedback Group Seminar1-1 Tutorials| 28/01| International Trade Theory| 6| Bangladesh`s Textile Trade| 04/02| The Political Economy| 7| The Global Financial Crisis| 11/02| Foreign Direct Investment| 8| Spain’s TelephonicaAssignment Launch| 18/02| Regional Economic Integration| 9| NAFTA/Mexican| 25/02| Assignment Discussion| | Assignment Seminar/ workshop| 04/03| Exporting Importing| 16| MD International| 11/03| Global Production| 17| Boeing| 8/04| Global Marketing and R D| 18| Microsoft| 15/04| Consultancy Review| | Assignment Seminar/ workshop| 22/04| Global HRM| 19| AstraZeneca| 29/04| Closing/Review| | Review| | | | | | | | | Issues in Global Business and Strategic Concepts Spring 2013 As the module progresses through this semester, more time will be allocated to assignment study within the tutorial period. This assignment is worth 70% and requires application of the module content to achieve a good grade. Hand-in-Date for Assignment Two 26th – 3rd May 2013 How to cite Issues in Global Business, Essay examples

The Origin of Ideas Essay Example For Students

The Origin of Ideas Essay Webster’s dictionary defines the word idea as 1) something, such as a thought or conception, that potentially or actually exists in the mind as a product of mental activity, 2) an opinion, a conviction, or a principle, 3) a plan, scheme, or method 4) the gist of a specific situation, and 5) a notion. We have a better understanding of these definitions today because of the thoughts and writings of Descartes and John Locke. These two have very different views on the origin of ideas. Descartes is a rationalist, one who uses a method of inquiry that regards reason as the chief source and test of knowledge, while Locke is an empiricist, one having the attitude that beliefs are to be accepted and acted upon only if they first have been confirmed by actual experience. Their views are opposites, but they both left their mark on the concept and origin of â€Å"the idea†. Locke believes that all our ideas come from experience. The mind has no innate ideas, it has only innate abil ities. Our mind is like a clean white sheet of paper. It is experiences that fill our sheets of paper with characters and symbols (33). Locke also compares our acquisition of ideas to that of a child coming into the world. If the child grew up in a world of black and white he would know nothing (have no ideas) of a world of green or scarlet (35). Our mind can perceive, remember, desire, deliberate, and will. It is these mental activities that are themselves, which along with experience, are the source of most of the ideas we have. Locke also claims that our senses play a major role in creating ideas. The ideas we have due to our senses are called sensation. Without sensation the mind would have nothing to operate on and therefore could have no idea of it operations. A person has to have sensation before they can truly begin to have ideas. The operations of the mind are not produced by sensation, but sensation is required to give the mind material to work on (33-34). Just as sensation is an â€Å"internal sense†, Locke says there is another. This other â€Å"internal sense† he calls reflection. Reflection is the ideas created by the mind while reflecting on its own operations. He says that it is either sensation or reflection, the only two origins, from where ideas are created. External objects furnish the mind with ideas based on our senses (sensation), and the mind furnishes the understanding of ideas based on the operations it carries out (reflection) (34). Descartes has a much different view on the origins of ideas. He believes that people have innate ideas, or instincts that every person is born with. From these innate ideas we must use intellect and reason to form ideas. It is not the senses and experiences that allow us to gain ideas and knowledge, but our mind and the powers within it. Descartes displays this view in meditation two on page 23:â€Å"For since I now know that even bodies are not, properly speaking, perceived by the senses or by the faculty of imagination, but by the intellect alone, and that they are not perceived through their being touched or seen, but only through their being understood, I manifestly know that nothing can be perceived more easily and more evidently than my own mind.† The two opposing views on the origins of ideas by Locke and Descartes reflect their different approaches to philosophy. Locke is an empiricist. He believes that all concepts and knowledge are based on and can only be justified by experiences. Empiricism claims that knowledge derived by reasoning does not exist or is confined to â€Å"analytical truths†, which have no content. This basically says there can be no â€Å"rational† method, and the nature of the world can not be discovered through pure reason or reflection. Descartes is a rationalist. He believes in reason and intellect as the primary source and test of knowledge. Rationalism states that there are beliefs that are justified on thought alone. It is based on mathematics and stresses deductive reasoning over all other methods. Proofs are a popular way of communicating concepts and we see these proofs a lot in Descartes’ meditations. Everything must also have a sufficient reason or that a process must occur within some substance and cannot exist by itself. These beliefs can arise from intellectual intuition, the apprehension of self-evident truth, or from deductive reasoning. Extreme rationalism goes as far to express the belief that pure thinking and reasoning can discover the truths of physical science and even history. I consider myself more on the empiricist side of the spectrum. I believe that experience is the primary source of our ideas. I really like and understand Locke’s argument about the newborn child. If the child is raised in a world of black and white, it will never experience other colors. The child will have no innate ideas of these colors because the child doesn’t ev en know the colors exist. I don’t see how one could use reason and intellect to gain knowledge if there are things they haven’t experienced and therefore don’t know about. I do agree with the rationalist view slightly in one area. Once I have experienced things and have been awakened to new ideas, I have to organize them; otherwise they would make no sense. This is where the rationalist view enters. In order to transform these primitive ideas in to knowledge I have to make connections between my experiences and ideas. This requires intellectual thought and reasoning, the basis for the rationalist view. .u5c0f30373a26e95863712934e64dc0b2 , .u5c0f30373a26e95863712934e64dc0b2 .postImageUrl , .u5c0f30373a26e95863712934e64dc0b2 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5c0f30373a26e95863712934e64dc0b2 , .u5c0f30373a26e95863712934e64dc0b2:hover , .u5c0f30373a26e95863712934e64dc0b2:visited , .u5c0f30373a26e95863712934e64dc0b2:active { border:0!important; } .u5c0f30373a26e95863712934e64dc0b2 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5c0f30373a26e95863712934e64dc0b2 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5c0f30373a26e95863712934e64dc0b2:active , .u5c0f30373a26e95863712934e64dc0b2:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5c0f30373a26e95863712934e64dc0b2 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5c0f30373a26e95863712934e64dc0b2 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5c0f30373a26e95863712934e64dc0b2 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5c0f30373a26e95863712934e64dc0b2 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5c0f30373a26e95863712934e64dc0b2:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5c0f30373a26e95863712934e64dc0b2 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5c0f30373a26e95863712934e64dc0b2 .u5c0f30373a26e95863712934e64dc0b2-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5c0f30373a26e95863712934e64dc0b2:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Great Gatsby8 EssayExperience? Reasoning? How do we develop ideas and become the people we are. Perhaps it is a combination of the two methods. The origin of ideas is a very complex issue. Two great philosophers have opposing views on how an individual from the time of birth develops ideas and transforms them into knowledge. How are we to know which one is correct? Without experience how do we develop ideas about things and without reasoning how do we put the ideas together and make sense of them so we can gain knowledge. We need both of these methods of creating ideas in order gain the most we can. Neither one is totally correct; neither one is totally wrong. It is wh en you combine the two, using as little or as much rationalism/empiricism as one likes to get the true origin of ideas. Bibliography:

Life in the Ocean an Example by

Life in the Ocean by Expert Prof Nelly | 07 Dec 2016 Question: Need essay sample on "Life in the Ocean" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed What is picoplankton and why is it important in the ecology of the ocean? Answer: Planktons with cells that range from 0.2 and 2.0 m are called picoplanktons. There are two types of picoplanktons depending on their feeding preferences: the photosynthetic picoplankton and the heterotrophic picoplankton. The former is the plankton that dominates the central oligotrophic regions. These regions have scarce supply of nutrients. There are three major groups under this type: cyanobacteria (Synechococcus), cyanobacteria (Prochlorococcus), and picoplanktonic eukaryotes. This plankton is important since, aside from the biological pump that distributes nutrients in the depths, it synthesizes the available nutrients to provide nutrients to other organisms in the area. The latter type of plankton, as its name suggests, is the type of plankton that do not perform photosynthesis. It can be either prokaryotes or eukaryotes. Heterotrophic picoplanktons can be found on both seawater and freshwater environments. These picoplanktons are important in the carbon cycle since they feed on organic matter (i.e. waste products, carcasses of dead creatures) descended into the depths. These creatures help in maintaining the cleanliness in the ocean floor. Question: Salinity and osmotic balance are closely related. Discuss how organisms compensate for changes in salinity when they move from the ocean to an estuary, as occurs with various species of shrimp and fish during their life cycle. Ans.: The blue crabs, shrimp, and lobsters, also called decapod crustaceans, are some of the species in which salinity is part of their life cycle. Salinity is important in the regulation of internal ion concentration of the crustaceans, decapods and fishes. In the case of the blue crabs, most of the time, the adults are found in the estuarine environment where there is a relatively low-salinity water. After mating, the female blue crab journeys into the deeper parts of the ocean to release the fertilized eggs. The grass shrimp, Palaemonetes vulgaris, also live in the low-salinity water of the estuaries. The changes in the salinity levels across the estuaries into the ocean depths are compensated by changes in the ion concentration of the species. In this way, the organisms are able to survive and complete their life cycle. During their larval stage, high salinity inhibits growth of some types of pathogenic organisms and invasive species thus shrimps and other crustaceans and fishes usually lay their eggs in high-salinity waters, e.g. ocean. The organisms then return to the low-salinity waters when they mature or reach optimum stage for survival and completion of the life cycle. Question: How does the fossilization process take place in marine organisms? Go to the web sites indicated at the end of Supplemental Activity 3 of Chapter 21 in The Endless Voyage Study Guide, and answer the question in a brief manner (not a report). Ans.: Fossil preservation of organisms depends upon three key factors: type of animal, environment, and events after death. In arid, acidic and tropical environments, bones are usually decomposed at faster rates while in the marine environment, there are factors (i.e. salinity) that serve as preservatives of the remains thus allowing preservation of the organisms details after it dies, called fossil. Fossilization in marine organisms is accomplished through rapid sedimentation and absence of process interruption. When the organism dies, its remains are quickly covered by sand or mud and some organic matter that descends from the ocean surface to the abyss. This will bury the remains and in effect, it will be protected from disturbances for thousands or even millions of years. The remains will not be available for scavengers which are present in the open environments inland. It will also be protected from erosion and washing away as well as decomposing bacteria. The sedimentation process will continue and after sometime, the surrounding sediments will harden into rocks, layers of rocks formed from sediments and remains of the organism. Organisms details maybe omitted in the process depending on the type of rock and mineral deposits that buried it. The most common types are calcite and aragonite (both form of calcium carbonate), quartz and silica. References: Thornton-Devictor, S. (2004). Transitions to the Deep: Adaptations in Decapod Crustaceans for Life Along the 3130N Atlantic Transect. Retrieved April 22, 2007, from http://www.oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/explorations/04etta/background/decapods/decapods.html#top Oram, J.J. (2005). Patterns of Temperature, Salinity, and Suspended Particulate Material in San Francisco Estuary: Water Year 2005 in the Context of Previous Water Years. Retrieved April 23, 2007, from http://www.sfei.org/rmp/2004to05/AMR_2004-2005_Ch7_Patterns.pdf Dinosaur Fossilization (n.d.). Retrieved April 23, 2007, from http://www.dinoruss.org/de_4/5c60e6e.htm How Fossils Form (n.d.). Retrieved April 23, 2007, from http://www.zoomschool.com/subjects/dinosaurs/dinofossils/Fossilhow.html

101 Intro to Literary Analysis and Woman Hollering Creek Professor Ramos Blog

101 Intro to Literary Analysis and Woman Hollering Creek Analysis vs Summary Quick Write A theme is a central idea in a piece of writing or other work of art. What theme or themes did you notice in â€Å"Woman Hollering Creek?† Analysis vs Summary Summary versus Analysis. What is the difference? What does it mean to analyze literature? Analysis : detailed examination of the elements or structure of something. â€Å"Woman Hollering Creek† La Llorona Prezi What are some themes, recurring topics or ideas, that you have noticed? Lets come up with a list of characters. Arguable Thesis Start with what interests you, to develop a point of analysis. You can choose a character, theme, issue, context, patterns, metaphors, authors style or language, etc. What is standing out to you and then you can develop that into a thesis. You will be arguing that your analysis of the work is valid. Developing Strong Thesis Statements In Woman Hollering Creek, Sandra Cisneros is recasting traditional negative Mexican female archetypes in a positive light. Focus on Thesis and Structure One way to organize your analysis essay: Introduce the text and state your  arguable thesis. Body paragraphs 1-3,4,5,6 cite passages and explain how each supports your thesis and interpretation. Conclusion, sum up your interpretation in light of your analysis Document Sources, works cited. You can choose other ways of organizing, as long as it is clear and   makes sense. Student Video What is a Literary Analysis? Writing a Literary Analysis Presentation Literary Analysis The Art of Quoting According to the book, what is the purpose of a citation? When is the use of a citation appropriate? Claims China  is the largest nation in the world. A McDonald’s  Big Mac ®Ã‚  has 550 calories. Why do these need support? Where can you find it? Quote Sandwich Introduce the quotation p. 46 Quote, relevant Explain Quotation p. 47 Quick Write Why are citations important? How did you find support for the claims? Is it wrong to not cite sources?   Why or Why not? How would you feel if your ideas or work were used without giving you credit? Alternate Interpretation

Drug Courts in the US Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Drug Courts in the US - Research Paper Example This research paper aims at compiling a report on the effectiveness of drug courts in the United States. Brooklyn treatment court is among the largest drug courts in New York. This court documented the effectiveness of drug courts in reforming drug offenders struggling with addiction. It is documented that this court views drug offenders as individuals struggling with a chronic disease and not as a moral breakdown viewed by the judicial system. This court comes up with bands of treatment that have measurements of success used in evaluating the progress of the offender. Though the offenders upon release often come back with similar charges, the court views relapse as inevitable in any offender being rehabilitated from drug. The court reports that since the intervention measures adopted in drug courts are situation specific and contextualized their effectiveness in reforming the offenders is inevitable (Dorf & Sabel, 2000). Consequently, effectiveness of drug courts in the United States is also documented in the Belenko’s study. From his study of drug courts, it is reported that drug courts reported higher retention rates as they emphasized a more closer and comprehensive framework and supervision with the offenders. The drug testing which evidenced reduced levels in subsequent visits evidenced this. In addition, drug courts aided in judicial saving since there was reduces jail and prison use (Belenko, 2003). Subsequently, drug courts have been documented to reduce criminality. This is attributed to the fact that the offenders are under the strict supervision of their supervisors and have to report to the court. This reduces the chances for them to engage in criminal activities. It is documented that the main aim of any correction strategy is to reduce the rate of recidivism. Drug courts have been documented to be effective since they have been documented to reduce the rate of recidivism with a substantial margin (Weiman, 2007). Members of the

Much Ado About Nothing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Much Ado About Nothing - Assignment Example As Boggs and Dennis (46) said â€Å"Much Ado about Nothing† is an interesting film that mirrors Shakespeare’s poetic and an all-encompassing entertaining prowess. I would recommend the film to any individual who wants to have a view of the 16th century literature redone with modern aesthetics and presented as film. As Landrum (751) said, Dogberry  is the constable manning the Watch. The chief law enforcement officer of Messina is relatively honest and demonstrates a high level of seriousness in executing his policing tasks. However, his habit of employing incorrect terms to communicate is what differentiates his portrayal in the script and in the film. In the text his actions are not well defined, but with Nathan Fillion acting as Dogberry, viewers are effectively treated to a great drama surrounding the character’s â€Å"wrongful† choice of words. The film actor is known for turning his rather distracting approach (in the text) to an elaborate sense of parody in the film. In Act II, Scene III, the garden scene features the practice of a new ploy that can only be captured in film and not any other forms of art. Don Pedro, Leonato and Claudio persuade Benedick that Beatrice loves him. The romanticist trickery seems to be bearing a fruit when Benedick buys the idea. The character is of the opinion that he is spying on his comrades, but, because his presence is no longer a secret, they intentionally raise their voices to be heard. The romanticist drama created by Leonato, Don Pedro, and Claudio as they attempt to suppress their laughter about the possibility of Beatrice breaking down under the weight of her emotional attachment to Benedick depicts blind romance between the two characters, which unlike other forms of art, filmic trickery helps to connect (Landrum 785). In the subsequent Act III, scene I, Hero and Ursula pull a trick upon Beatrice, which surprisingly blinds her just the same way as Claudio and Don

MKTG 3000 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

MKTG 3000 - Essay Example changing consumer behaviour highlights that approximately 65-70% of consumers fall within the category of â€Å"multichannel shoppers† and increasingly has the highest purchasing power (Weinberg et al, 2007). As a result, Weinberg et al posit that it is â€Å"critical that organisations effectively employ a multichannel marketing approach, as consumers in B2C contexts now expect it† (Weinberg et al, 2007, p.385). It is evident that retailers are now moving away from the conventional economics based approach to consider the benefit of integrating effective customer relationship management (CRM) into business strategy to create value for its customers For example, Vollmer and Precourt argue that the underlying basis for marketing is rooted in economic principles of exchanging goods for value (2008). It is precisely this concept of â€Å"value† that has been at the heart of marketing strategy in persuading consumers to exchange value for goods in conventional business strategy. However, as the business models continue to evolve in line with changing consumer habits and retail channels, Vargo and Lusch point to the fact that economical basis for traditional marketing strategy has been forced to adapt to remain relevant (2004). â€Å"very nature of network organisation†¦..and the potential impact on the organisation of consumption all suggest that a paradigm shift for marketing may not be far over the horizon†(in Vargo and Lusch, 2004). They highlight the point that retailers have been forced to move away from the focus on tangible goods in light of the increasing consumer value attached to intangibles, thereby underpinning the â€Å"paradigm shift† in providing value in marketing. A significant part of this has been the move away from the economic model to the recognition of marketing as a social and economic process (Vargo and Lusch, 2004). In evaluating this â€Å"paradigm shift†, Gronroos refers to the fact that customer relationship economics presses the need for

Skills And Competencies Of Change Leaders Management Essay

Skills And Competencies Of Change Leaders Management Essay This essay analysed the skills and competencies of change leaders with the support of literature references and real life examples. Later, the essay focussed on the challenges of change leaders during the implementation of their skills and competencies on change processes, and how these skills and competencies are varying across different levels of leaders in an organization. Finally, the conclusion is drawn on the basis of critical analyses on change leadership and identified the possibility of acting as a change leader by anyone. Introduction For the past two decades, the amount of significant change that the organizations faced in order to survive has tremendously increased, and many of the researchers argued that this situation will continue and demand more of future leaders (Wren Dulewicz, 2005; Senge et al., 2002). Leadership is such a crucial component for undergoing these changes, and identifying the key components of leadership is important for the success of these transformation efforts (Beer Nohria, 2000). Kotter (1996) considered that, leadership is the key to creating and sustaining the successful organization, because it helps the organization to shape its future and sustain its growth. In addition, leadership competencies are also essential to lead the change processes in an effective way (Christensen Overdorf, 2000). According to Sanchez et al., (1996), leadership competencies have a cognitive aspect, in terms of knowledge and skills the leader possesses, and an action aspect that enables a leader to depl oy their competencies in a coordinated manner. Leaders competencies and skills will influence the actions, structures and processes that enhance the change and it further strengthen the effectiveness in implementing change (Gilley et al., 2009). This essay will critically analyse whether anyone can adapt these leadership skills and competencies which is necessary to be a successful change leader. The analysis will be done based on the references of academic research that has been already conducted in this field. Necessary Skills and Competencies to be a change leader Leadership is different from management; leadership complements management but it does not replace it. Because management is about coping with complexity but the leadership is about coping with change (Kotter, 1990). The leadership-skill requirements will vary based on the leaders positions and their levels. The most important skills where the leaders need to be possessed are cognitive skills, business skills, strategic skills and interpersonal skills. Across all the leadership levels cognitive skills are founded to be more important. In addition, interpersonal skills are required for a leader in greater degree than business or strategic skills (Sparks Gentry, 2008). For example) during the group work on simulation game, the leader of the successful team had contributed a great part by understanding the views of the team members and through the organization of team meeting. This helped the team to bring out fruitful ideas and plans uniquely and also it helped the group leaders to emphasize their cognitive and interpersonal skills effectively. Compared to other skills, the significance of business and strategic skills is more required for the leaders in managerial level (Sparks Gentry, 2008). Possessing these leadership skills in change management has been linked to bringing about effective and successful organization change. Although, some of the factors are considered as the barriers for the success of the change, they are lack of understanding of change implementation techniques and the inability to alter ones leadership style or organization functions (Bossidy Charan, 2002; Gilley, 2005). The other barriers identified by the analysis include the inability of the leaders to motivate others to change, poor communication skills, and failure to reward or recognize the individuals who make the effort to change (Kotter, 1996). Hence the ability to understand and manage the change processes is valued as a necessary capability of change leaders. Many of the scholars defined this ability as a social intelligence skill, which is the ability to understand ones own and others feelings, behaviours and thoughts in interpersonal situations and to respond appropriately, which includ es emotional ability (Burke, 2002). Finally, leaders thoughts and skills are manifested through the actions of implementing change across the organization. In this stage, the leaders need to be aware about avoiding coordination issues when the different functional groups in an organization work on a common task. Because lack of coordination will raise conflicts in implementing change and it reduce the success (Kuhl et al., 2005). For example, while working for the multi-product task, the lack of coordination across the leaders from different departments affected the implementation of change. There were lot of conflicts aroused in allocating the budget across each department of the organization and hence it led to the ineffective change implementation. As per Zaccaro (2002), effective leadership requires social reasoning skills to understand, judge and diagnose social situations accurately, and relational competencies to respond to the change and manage them successfully. Since change implementation involves the understanding of multiple level of people (i.e., individual, group and organizational), social-emotional competency is regarded to have a direct impact on the capacity to lead change. It acts as a greater predictor of leading change than managing complexity. Social-emotional competency includes observing the employees views, providing constructive feedback, encouraging the cooperation among team members, maintaining effective interpersonal relationships with others and treating others with respect to regardless of their position or rank (Mathew, 2009). For example) while working for the simulation game, in some of the groups, there was a long debate happened among the team members about the implementation of change strategi es with different views and hence conflicts aroused. The leaders of those teams were also failed to maintain cooperation within the team. This led them to choose inappropriate change strategies and directed towards failure to reach their target. But while enquiring the team who reached the target, I came to knew that the team leader had delegated the roles to each team members based on their knowledge about the game and by providing constructive feedback on their views. This helped them to maintain a good cooperation within the team without giving the ways for any conflicts and also it provided a way to reach their target within the time limit and budget. Within a change specific context Higgs and Rowland (2000, 2001) indicated a cluster of change leadership competencies associated with coaching and developing others. In addition, Giglio et al. (1998) also emphasized the importance of leaders coaching role in the change process. Because a good leader should motivate their employees in order to make them aware of the change process. This will be done by providing appropriate coaching to them. According to Hudson (1999), coaching skills enable leaders to approach situations from new perspectives and to question the status quo. Moreover, the leaders who coach their employees can enhance their renewal capacity and resilience, which has significant influence on organizational success. Finally and more importantly it allows others to make and learn from mistakes. Huq (2006) argued that the leadership competencies can help to create the six sigma cadre in an organization. He argued that the personal and corporate competencies play a vital role in creating this six sigma cadre. Personal competencies include the technical knowledge and charisma of the leader. Whilst the corporate competencies include the combinations of skills and knowledge or experience that enable a leader to implement the change program successfully. However, the available evidence shows that, even the experienced leaders were deviated from these competencies in some circumstances. The most recent examples of sudden corporate implosions (Enron, Lehman Brothers) have apparently raised concerns about the nature and influence of bad leadership. Higgs (2009) have identified that the causes of this leadership failure were due to combination of personal flaws and performance shortfalls. While exploring this concept, he also identified a range of causal factors for these implosions which are skill deficiencies, being insensitive to others, betraying trust, arrogance and being overly ambitious. He argued that the personal flaws were more vital than skill deficiencies as drivers of derailment. Finally, Northouse (2010) emphasized the importance of charismatic/value-based leadership in change management. Value-based leadership reflects the ability to inspire, motivate and to expect significant performance from others on the basis of core values of the change process. This kind of leadership comprises being visionary, decisive, inspirational, trustworthy, self-sacrificing and performance oriented. The powerful example of value-based leadership is the life and work of Mahatma Gandhi. Challenges on implementing leadership Skills and Competencies during change Initiating and managing organizational change is a significant challenge for todays leaders. The leaders role in change process is to make their employees to understand about the need of change. Understanding organizational change involves analysing types of change within the organization. No matter its size, any change has a ripple effect on an organization (Gilley et al., 2009). At the macro level, frequent organizational change focus on strategy and business models, technology, product and services, structure, processes, culture, acquisitions or expansion or downsizing (Lewis, 1994).Consequently, it challenges the leaders of all level in an organization in terms of managing the complexity of the change (Biech, 2007). One of the challenges that good leaders often face is solving the unsatisfactory performance of the staff in an effective way. Leaders who failed to clarify their expectation to employees and to respond openly against the performance problems are considered to be an ineffective leader (Redfern, 2008). While working on the multi- product task, in some of the groups, the leaders did not clearly respond against the performance problems of their team members. It is not possible to expect all the members in a group to work effectively, but the leaders could give prior instructions to the each individual about their expectation from them. Hence many of the groups lacked the complete participation of all the members in their team. As an effective leader, they should make all the team members to get involved in a work to achieve success. The crucial challenge that many of the leaders consider is the resistance to change, and it have a noticeable impact and influence upon the success of an organizational change project. Resistance is commonly regarded as a behaviour which is not congruent with the attempts of the change leader (Bartunek, 1993). In this case, the leaders should analyse the resistance from motivational perspective and, more particularly, from an identity-based perspective, that is examining the employee attitudes to the change and their own attitudes to the resistance (Dijk Dick, 2009). Some of the literature evidence suggests that changing organizational behaviour is the fundamental challenge for a leader while leading organizational change (Argyris, 1993; Kotter Kohen, 2002; Burke, 2002). Burke (2002) emphasized that leaders should deal with competition for resources, power and political dynamics; dispel resistance; and exemplify desired behaviour change. Finally and more importantly, the distinctive feature that leaders need to possess is the ability to identify the right person for the right job and to train employees to succeed at their jobs. To succeed consistently, good leaders need to be skilled not just in evaluating people but also in evaluating the abilities and disabilities of their firm as a whole. During change implementation the leader must ensure that the right message has been communicated through right approach. Implementation is perhaps the most adverse phase of change. In this stage, communication plays a significant role during the throes of the implementation phase. Without an effective human communication, the change process cannot be implemented successfully. Hence the implementation of change challenges communication skills of a leader (Russ, 2008). In addition to communication challenge, the leaders may also face the challenge on time constraints to implement the change. This kind of challenge impacts the success of the change process, because a change process which is not completed in time budget cannot be considered as a successful process (Meyer Stensaker, 2006). For example) during the simulation game, many of the groups were not able to reach the specified target in time. Hence the teams which did not meet the target in time were considered as unsuccessful te ams. An effective leader used to display effective leadership behaviours in order to reduce the stress on change work, such as coordination with other leaders in an organization, concern for wellbeing of the staff, frankness and willingness to involve in two-way feedback, and self-awareness. They recognize and give importance to effort of others in an organization and support their initiatives. They will share problems, engage colleagues in their solutions, and try to achieve the goal in a way that further problems do not arise (Redfern, 2008). But in real-time implementation, conflicts may arise between the change leaders of different departments or between the change leaders and employees. However, it can be avoid using open communication and through mutual coordination (Higgs, 2009). For example) even when implementing the multi-product task, such kind of misunderstanding aroused between the leaders from different departments due to different leadership behaviours. But the conflict cou ld be avoided by focussing towards the organizations objective rather than focussing on leaders departmental objectives. This could be done through effective negotiation and careful consideration of organizations current key change requirements. The central aspects of the change leadership are creation and promotion of commitment and trust. It is the leaders role to bring conditions for learning by stimulating fruitful conversations. Fruitful conversation can take place only when the relationships are characterised by trust, commitment and integrity. Hence the challenge of change leadership is promoting commitment, trust and integrity in firms. Obviously, change leaders cannot promote these qualities unless they themselves possess these qualities (Nilakant Ramnarayan, 2006). The managers who focus solely on managerial tasks may fail to provide strong leadership or to sustain the performance. Because over management of employees could lead to impairment of motivation (Redfern, 2008). Hence the leaders should learn to acknowledge the sustainability challenges and then develop appropriate skills and competencies to meet those challenges (Ferdig, 2007). Leadership skills of different levels Based on the literature references on change leadership, many of the researchers suggests that, an effective leadership depends on three basic personal skills, they are technical, inter-personal and conceptual skills. Technical skill is knowledge about specific type of work or activity and the inter-personal skill is ability to work with people. Finally, conceptual skills are abilities to work with different ideas and concepts. Leaders from different management level require different proportion of these basic skills. Leaders from top management level mainly require inter-personal and conceptual skills rather than technical skills, whereas the leaders from supervisory management level require greater proportion of technical and inter-personal skills than conceptual skills. But the leaders from middle management level require all these three basic skills in equal proportion (Katz, 1955; Northouse, 2010). As per the research conducted by Sparks and Gentry (2008), leading employees towards change and resourcefulness were found to be important for leaders across different managerial levels. Leading employees towards change includes setting clear performance expectations, delegating the change work to employees based on their skills and being patient and fair with employees. Resourcefulness includes being a strategic thinker; being a flexible problem solver during any stage of change implementation; understanding and working efficiently with top management. Charismatic leadership usually emphasize the leaders at top management level during change (Waldman et al., 2004). But some of the literature evidences implies that not only top-executives can motivate employees by formulating a compelling vision or by providing a behavioural role model, but also non-executives at lower management levels can possess charismatic leadership during change (Michaelis et al., 2009; Seyranian Bligh, 2008). Conclusion The above analyses and findings revealed that effective leaders should possess cognitive skills, business skills, and strategic skills for the successful implementation of change. But the available evidences show that, even the experienced skilled leaders have failed to possess the above leadership skills in certain circumstances. The corporate implosions of Enron and Lehman Brothers were illustrating the same. In addition, during the simulation game, many of the team leaders were not able to lead their team towards success. This was due to lot of conflicts and misconception prevailed within the team while implementing the change strategies. Apart from this, some of the barriers also exist against change leaders which impacts the change processes directly. They are lack of understanding of coordination in team, poor communication, inability to identify the right person for the right job and inability to motivate others. And the analysis on leadership competencies shows that the social-emotional competency has a significant impact on leading change across the organization. However, many of the challenges exist in implementing the leadership skills and competencies during change. They are resistance to change, changing the organizational behaviour, communication challenge, time constraint challenge, and finally challenge in promoting trust, commitment and integrity in organizations. While working on multi-product task, the team leaders were faced these kinds of challenges in implementing the change. Hence, these kinds of issues, barriers and challenges on change raised the question that whether anyone can act as a leader during change. Because, the above analyses and evidences shows that many of team leaders often faced issues while implementing the change and even the experienced leaders were also failed to lead the change effectively at some situations. So it is not possible for anyone to be a successful leader of change. The skills, competencies and behaviour of a person can only determine whether they can act a change leader or not.

last words of Christ Essay -- essays research papers

JESUS LAST WORDS ON THE CROSS The seven last words of Jesus on the cross demonstrate both his humanity and his divinity, and capture the last moment Jesus went through to gain our forgiveness. 1. Father forgive them, for they know not what they do: (Luke 23:34) Forgiveness for those who arrested condemned and executed Jesus†¦but also forgiveness those who drove the nails into the hands of Jesus, and those who mocked him. It is amazing to see the boundless mercy of Jesus. The first words He utters when he goes onto the Cross are words of forgiveness. This echoes what Jesus feels today when he looks down upon us and says the same words of forgiveness   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Parallel verse: Matt 5:44 Love your enemies, bless those who curse you, do good to those who hate you and pray for those who spitefully use you and persecute you-- Jesus is putting in practice his own teachings! 2. Today, you will be with Me in Paradise: (Luke 23:43) There were two thieves crucified on either side of Jesus, both gasping for life, and in horrible pain. The thief on the right had been watching Jesus; he knew this man was innocent. He just heard Jesus asking God to forgive the people—the thief hears about forgiveness straight from Jesus. So the thief says this man is innocent. He defends Jesus, while no one else does! He knows he’s close to death†¦so he asks Jesus remember me when you come to your kingdom†¦he turns to Jesus for forgiveness, and Christ accepted him—today you will be wi...